In last month’s Clean Air Notes, we talked about the air quality benefit of trees.  In this month’s Clean Air Notes, we discuss which trees work best to remove air pollution.  Some trees are better able to remove air pollution than others.  Of those that can remove air pollution, some are better at absorbing ozone pollution while others are better at capturing particulate matter.  Both offer a benefit to air quality! 

Ozone and other gaseous pollutants are removed by trees through their leaf stomata where trees and plants perform their normal gas exchange that includes taking in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen.¹ After being absorbed into the leaf, the pollutants are converted to less harmful substances or broken down. ² Some of the best trees to plant for ozone reduction include the common beech, London plane, maple, tulip, and horse chestnut trees. ³

Particulate matter is not absorbed by trees but can be captured on leaves, especially those that are waxy, resinous, hairy, or scaly.  It can also be captured by uneven, rough branch surfaces.¹ The leaves and branches capture the particulate matter until rain fall removes the pollutants from the tree surfaces and deposits them on the ground. ² Some of the recommended trees for filtering particulate matter are the English oak with rough leaves, the silver birch with leaves that are covered in tiny hairs, and the ginkgo biloba that has a large surface area for particulate matter capture. ² Evergreen trees like the eastern white pine and cypress trees are also good for filtering particulate matter and offer the benefit of keeping their dense needles throughout the year allowing for air quality benefits year-round!²

¹   Center for Urban Forest Research, Trees – The Air Pollution Solution, https://www.fs.usda.gov/psw/topics/urban_forestry/products/cufr_658_Air _pollution_solution.pdf.

²   Biology Insights, Which Trees are Best for Cleaning the Air, https://biologyinsights.com/which-trees-are -best-for-cleaning-the-air/

³   Science, Ozone-reducing urban plants: Choose carefully, https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.add9734

Arbor Day, the holiday that encourages tree planting, is April 24^th of this year.   Trees offer lots of air quality benefits including absorbing carbon dioxide, releasing oxygen, and reducing particulate matter and ozone pollution.  They can also address the “heat island” effect in urban areas.  The “heat island” effect is observed where greenery is limited and buildings, roads, and other infrastructure absorb and reflect the sun’s energy creating “islands” of warmer temperatures compared to surrounding areas.¹

Trees offer the benefit of absorption of carbon dioxide that is linked to climate change.  They also provide oxygen – one tree can supply a day’s worth of oxygen for up to four people!² The cooling effect of shade trees around buildings can help save money by reducing energy use by up to 25%.² The shade also helps reduce the “heat island” effect in urban areas.   Trees and vegetation are also able to cool the surrounding area through evapotranspiration, the process that trees and plants use to absorb water from their roots and evaporate it through their leaves.  The air is cooled by using heat from the air to evaporate the water.³

Trees also filter air pollutants like particulate matter and ozone.  Trees absorb gaseous pollutants like ozone through the leaf as they also intake carbon dioxide and other gases.  Particulate matter can also be removed from the air by trees as certain leaves are able to trap the particulate matter that is either later removed by wind or removed by rain. ⁴

Some trees are better than others for removing air pollutants.  Look for a future blog with information about which trees are best for removing pollutants.  With all the air quality benefits offered by trees, consider planting a tree as an air quality effort to recognize Arbor Day!   For more information about tree benefits, visit https://www.arborday.org or https://www.epa.gov/heatislands/benefits-trees-and-vegetation. 

¹ Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), https://www.epa.gov/heatislands/learn-about-heat-island-effects, Accessed 4.21.26

² Arbor Day Foundation, https://www.arborday.org/value, Accessed 4.21.26

³ EPA, https://www.epa.gov/heatislands/benefits-trees-and-vegetation, Accessed 4.21.26

⁴ National Park Service (NPS), https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/uerla-trees-air-pollution.htm, Accessed 4.21.26

Warmer temperatures signal that ozone season is around the corner.  For North Texas, ozone season runs from March 1^st through the end of November.  While the season is identified with those dates, moderate readings can and, in recent years, often do occur outside of the “ozone season”.  Already in 2026, there was a moderate reading at the Hood County monitor in late February. 

It’s important to be aware of the ozone season because of the negative health impacts of ozone.  Ozone can cause irritation of the respiratory system, reduced lung function, increased lung susceptibility to infection, and can aggravate asthma, emphysema and other lung conditions.  The negative health impacts of ozone are why the air quality index notes a level of ozone as “unhealthy for sensitive groups”.  Children, older adults and those with lung conditions are impacted more by ozone and help make up the “sensitive group” classification.  To increase your awareness you can sign up for ozone alert notifications through TCEQ at https://www.tceq.texas.gov/airquality/monops/ozone_email.html/ or Air North Texas at https://www.airnorthtexas.org.

As the new ozone season starts up, it’s a good time to review some of the clean air efforts that individuals can do to help!  To reduce emissions from vehicles, minimize vehicle trips by attending meetings virtually, carpooling, or combining trips.  It also helps to keep your vehicle maintained including ensuring tire pressure is correct and refueling later in the day.  Energy and water efficiency measures help by reducing emissions from power plants.  Efficiency measures that help reduce ozone include energy efficient home improvements like choosing energy and water efficient appliances and switching to LED lighting. 

One of the clean air efforts of the Hood County Clean Air Coalition is to monitor new air permits in Hood County or nearby.  An air permit is required for an industrial or commercial facility to emit pollutants.  In Texas, the authorization for an air permit is done through the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ).  There are several types of air permits that TCEQ authorizes depending on the type of facility and the amount of pollutants that are emitted including De Minimis, Permit by Rule Authorizations, Standard Permit, New Source Review Permit, Flexible Permit, Prevention of Significant Deterioration Permit, and Nonattainment Permit.  A Title V Federal Operating Permit is also required for major source facilities (TCEQ, 2026).    

TCEQ’s website homepage has a map-based search feature for regulated facilities and their permits, https://www.tceq.texas.gov/.  More information specifically pertaining to air permits is available on the air permitting webpage,  https://www.tceq.texas.gov/permitting/air/air_permits.html.  Permits can be searched by looking for the status of air permits and permit applications at https://www.tceq.texas.gov/permitting/air/air_status_permits.html or following the instructions on that page to search the TCEQ Central File Room Online.  Guides are available on that page for several different types of permit searches. 

The public can participate in the permitting process.  Information about how to participate in the TCEQ permitting process through public meetings and public hearings is available at https://www.tceq.texas.gov/agency/decisions/participation/permitting-participation. 

The HCCAC will continue to monitor air permits in and near Hood County and take opportunities to provide input, when possible, in the permitting process. 

TCEQ Air Permit Fact Sheet https://www.tceq.texas.gov/assets/public/permitting/air/factsheets/permit-factsheet.pdf, Accessed 2/4/2026

The Hood County Clean Air Coalition started off the new year with board member nominations and officer elections.  The Coalition elected a new Board Chairman, former Treasurer, Joe Drew.  He has been on the Board since 2015.  The Communications Officer position was renamed the Vice-Chair position but will retain the assistance with communications obligation.  The new Vice Chair is the former Communications Officer, Chuck Licata.  He has been a board member since 2022.  Former Board Chairman, Mark Franco, will take over the Treasurer responsibilities.  Mark served as Board Chairman since June 2020 and is one of the founding board members, joining when the Coalition was formed in 2012.  Cresson Mayor Pro-Tem Lisa Clement will remain the HCCAC Secretary for 2026.  She has been on the HCCAC board since 2024.  Local government representatives on the HCCAC board include Hood County Judge Ron Massingill, Mayor of Granbury Jim Jarratt, and the HCCAC Secretary, Mayor Pro-Tem of Cresson Lisa Clement.  

John Campbell, one of the founding members of the Coalition, decided to step away from the board in 2026.  John was one of the guiding members of the Coalition who knew the community of Granbury and Hood County very well.  The board welcomed new member, Darlene Du Val, of the City of Granbury Economic Development Department in January.  Darlene will offer the Coalition a new perspective in addressing local air quality issues.  Remaining board members are Brian Caruthers, Director of Transportation for the Granbury ISD, who has been on the board since 2020 and Zak Monroe, President of Heine Propane, who has been on the board since 2024.  Learn more about the 2026 board members on the About Us page at https://hccleanair.org/about/.  The Coalition looks forward to planning air quality projects in 2026 that will help with understanding our local air quality issues. 

The holiday season is here!  It is a time to enjoy our family, friends, and traditions.  While we celebrate the holiday season, keeping clean air efforts in mind helps everyone have a healthier holiday!  Here are 12 clean air tips to keep in mind as you are out shopping and visiting friends and family.

• Carpool when visiting friends and family
• Combine trips when holiday shopping
• Watch vehicle tire pressure in cold weather
• Minimize idling
• Observe speed limits when going shopping or traveling to visit friends and family
• Shop for low or no emission vehicles if a new car is on your wish list
• Shop locally for gifts
• Use reusable gift bags or boxes to reduce waste
• Use LED lights for holiday lighting
• If a wood fire is part of your holiday season, be sure to burn dry, seasoned wood
• Make sure to inspect and clean chimneys and wood burning appliances
• Check for local recycle programs to recycle Christmas trees and other holiday waste when the holiday season is over

For more information about clean air tips or the health impacts of air pollution, visit https://hccleanair.org/clean-air-education. Using these tips will help reduce emissions that contribute to ozone formation and reduce particulate matter emissions for a healthier holiday season for all! 

Alternative transportation reduces emissions by reducing the number of cars and trucks on the road.  Did you know that Granbury provides some alternative transportation options?  Alternative transportation choices in Granbury include public transportation like the Granbury Trolley and The Transit System as well as active transportation like walking or biking along the Moments-in-Time hike and bike trail. 

The Granbury Trolley is a complimentary shuttle that stops at local hotels, bed and breakfasts, and other locations then circles back to the Historic Downtown Square.  Some of the stops include the Doll House Museum, the Bridge Street History Museum, the Train Depot, Memorial Lane and Jim Burks Memorial Park, as well as other sites in Granbury.  More information about the stops- including a map and a schedule- for the trolley are available at  https://www.visitgranbury.com/trolley/.  There is also a QR code to scan to track the trolley on its route!   

The Transit System is another public transportation option in Somervell and Hood counties.  Their services provide transportation for purposes like health care, shopping, education, public services, and employment.  More information about The Transit System is available at https://www.thetransitsystem.com/. 

Granbury also offers an active transportation option with the Moments-in-Time hike and bike trail.  It runs 2.93 miles from Granbury Airport to Hewlett Park.  The trail has several plaques along it that highlight Granbury historical sites.   You can learn more about the trail at https://www.granbury.org/741/Moments-In-Time-Hike-Bike-Trail. Consider using these alternative transportation options and make another clean air choice! 

National Drive Electric Week has been a fall campaign of Plug in America, a national nonprofit that promotes the shift to electric vehicles.  For 2025, their campaign became National Drive Electric Month running from September 12- October 12.  DFW Clean Cities participated in the Arts and Autos event in Denton on September 13^th to recognize the fall campaign.  This month’s blog recognizes National Drive Electric Month and focuses on electric vehicles. 

Electric vehicles are a great option to consider when looking for a vehicle to help improve air quality.  There are plug-in hybrid options (PHEV) that offer the flexibility of operating on electricity for a short range, usually around 20-40 miles, before shifting to a regular gas engine.  Full electric options offer ranges of 200-300+ miles on a single charge.  PHEVs produce fewer emissions than internal combustion engines, while full electric vehicles (EVs) produce no tailpipe emissions making both options great clean air choices!  The table below lists some examples of PHEVs and EVs and their respective electric ranges. 

 Source: Alternative Fuels Data Center,  https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/search

While some new electric vehicles may still be more expensive to purchase, they do not have transmissions, fuel pumps, or exhaust systems to be maintained.  They also do not need oil changes and can be charged at home!  The reduced maintenance costs and low-cost home charging make driving an EV a great option economically too!